In the paper, the researchers speculated about a possible link between the incubus phenomenon and sudden unexpected death syndrome, a situation in which a healthy person inexplicably dies in his or her sleep. Though the frightening experience gets frequently dismissed as "just a bad dream," Blom noted that the incubus phenomenon can lead to additional problems, including anxiety, difficulty sleeping due to fear and even delusional disorder, a mental illness akin to schizophrenia. Alcohol consumption and irregular sleeping patterns also make an incubus visit more probable, Blom said. The analysis also found that people sleeping on their backs are more likely to experience the phenomenon. Among people with psychiatric disorders, as well as among refugees and - somewhat surprisingly - students, the odds of experiencing the incubus phenomenon are as high as 41 percent, Blom said. "That means that there is an 11 percent chance for any given individual to experience this at least once during their lives," he added.īut in certain groups, the odds of "encountering" an incubus are higher. The researchers found that over 1 in 10 people, or 11 percent of the general population, will experience the incubus phenomenon in their lifetimes, Blom said. The different studies came from various countries, including Canada, the United States, China, Japan, Italy and Mexico. In the meta-analysis, which was published in November in the journal Frontiers in Psychiatry, the researchers looked at 13 studies of the incubus phenomenon that included nearly 1,800 people. The experience feels exceptionally real, Blom said. What the afflicted person sees is a combination of their actual surroundings and a nightmare, which is projected onto the real world. "Lying in bed in such a state of paralysis, the brain's threat-activated vigilance system kicks in and helps to create a compound hallucination of a creature sitting on the chest," Blom told Live Science. But when sleep paralysis takes place, the person's mind wakes up - however, the person is still dreaming, and the body is still paralyzed. During REM sleep, which is the period when a person typically dreams, the body's muscles are relaxed to the level of paralysis, presumably to prevent the sleeper from acting out his or her dreams, Blom said.
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